
Your bed is your sanctuary, you only want to share it with those you choose to invite in. But what about uninvited guests? Bed bugs are a growing problem across the world. Follow these simple tips to diagnose, treat and prevent a bed bug infestation of your own.
What is a bed bug?
Bed bugs are nasty little critters that enjoy feasting upon human blood. As suggested by the name, bed bugs particularly enjoy living in beds and are mainly active at night time.
Bed bugs were almost entirely wiped out in the 1940s but since the mid 1990s bed bug cases appear to have been on the rise (ewwww!). The cause of this resurgence is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to increased international travel and increasing pesticide resistance.
What does a bed bug look like?
Bed bugs are reddish-brown, flattened, oval, and wingless. Adults can grow to around 5mm in length. When an adult bug has had a meal (of your blood) it becomes purple/red.
Bed bugs hatch from eggs and molt five times, in other words shed their outer exoskeleton, before reaching adulthood.
Under normal circumstances an adult bed bug lives ten to eleven months. During this time a female can lay between 200 and 250 eggs.
How do I know if I have bed bugs?
Bed bugs can be tricky to identify as they are largely nocturnal. You may notice dark blood spots on your sheets and bedding where the bugs have excreted while feeding. Additional signs include shedded skins, eggs and of course bite symptoms
As the bugs are so tiny, make sure you examine seams and crevices around boxsprings, mattresses, bed frames, tufts, folds, and buttons on mattresses
Another good method is to create a makeshift trap using doublesided sticky tape. Make a line around the edge of your bed, on top of the mattress. Any bugs that try to clamber across the tape will get caught.
How do I treat bed bug bites?
If you do have bed bugs, you will obviously want to get rid of them as soon as possible. In addition you will want to stop the irritation and itchiness of the bites. Aside from over the counter treatments, there are several natural methods for treating bed bug bites. Try the following:
- A slice of raw potato soothes and reduces swelling of a bed bug bite
- Make a thick paste from baking powder and water and apply to your skin, this will reduce the pain and itching of a bed bug bite
- One of the oldest and simplest poultices in the world is mud, which soothes bed bug bites. Herbal tea and powdered white clay mixed with mud is considered highly effective.
Bites can last anywhere from a few days to a few weeks. It depends on how allergic you are to them.
How do I get rid of bed bugs?
If you find you do have a bed bug infestation, the best thing you can do is to throw out your old mattress and bedding. If you can't afford a new mattress, try vacuuming your old mattress and applying a sealable mattress cover. You should also wash all your bedding, clothes and linen in hot water and vacuum all around your bed.
Do not use spray insecticides on or around your bed as these should never be applied to an area where you sleep. Instead use sticky traps to capture any bugs that have escaped your exorcism. You can also spray rubbing alcohol on any rogue bugs. This kills them on the spot.
Bed bugs are very persistant and excellent at hiding so ultimately, if you suspect you have bed bugs you should call in a professional.
How do I prevent bed bugs?
Finding bed bugs in your home has nothing to do with poor hygiene! It takes only one bed bug to hitch a ride on your clothing (furniture, suitcase, etc) and infest your residence.
However, obviously good hygine is important. Ensure you regularly wash and change your bedding and vacuum your mattress. You could also invest in a mattress protector, which should also be washed regularly.
When you stay away from home, follow this simple checklist to avoid taking bed bugs home with you.
- Before you book a hotel room, Google the hotel's name plus the word "bed bugs". This will notify you of any problems other travellers have had in the past. A site like Trip Advisor is excellent for hotel reviews.
- Do a full check of the mattress and bed frame to ensure no tell tale signs of bed bugs. If you see any, obviously inform management and request a room change!
- Use a luggage rack or stand to keep your bags off the floor where bed bugs could easily get in. Make sure you check the stand for bugs first!
- Alternatively, leave your luggage in the car. Not the most convenient of options, but then neither is having bed bugs follow you home.
- When you pack up to leave, inspect your luggage carefully. If you see any signs of bugs, wash the item in hot water with detergent.
- When you get home, unpack directly into the washing machine NOT onto your bed. Wash everything in hot water
- A travel sized anti bug spray like Kleen Free will kill bugs if sprayed directly on them, but remember, bugs are very good at hiding!
Finally, make sure you always buy your beds and mattresses from a reputable source. If at all possible, avoid second hand mattresses at all costs!
If you have any tips for bed bug prevention or any bed bug horror stories, please let us know in the comments.